2nd Rule-of-thumb of Thermodynamics
The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that usable energy tends towards unusable energy. Turns out this may be more of a rule of thumb, than a universal law.
So, here is a cool experiment vaguely like what we attempted with a Celani wire not too long ago, but at much higher temperatures and much lower vacuums. To make a long story short, they seem to have proven that a closed system can still do useful work. Even more cool: they believe in using an open science approach to help develop it!!
Their work was published in Nature and Physical Review E, and Foundations of Physics
- Freely downloadable: http://jointheparadigm.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Foundations-of-Physics.pdf
- http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10701-014-9781-5
- http://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevE.88.032125
(I have read these, but I am not sure I have permission to publish copies of them here.)
Latest results operate at room temperature, too! Check out their video explanation of how they plan to approach the challenge of making this work at room temp and higher powers.
Check out their website: http://jointheparadigm.com/
http://www.meetup.com/Epicatalysis/
Let us know if you think we should be doing a replication ourselves.
Comments
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journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.097403
the nanoparticles may be seen as Maxwell's daemons able to transform part of thermal energy of the nanoparticles into valuable high potential chemical energy due to the splitting of the hydrogen molecule. The second principle would only apparently be violated, but in reality, since it is a statistical principle, it simply cannot be applied to systems consisting of a relatively small number of atoms.
The non-applicabili ty can also be extended to a macroscopic system consisting of relatively isolated nanoscopic structures.
In order to verify this hypothesis, a stream of molecular hydrogen could be send over an appropriate catalyst functioning above a critical temperature T1, and then part of the monatomic hydrogen formed in the catalyst could be recombined in a second time and/or place, thereby generating a temperature T2>T1.
This system, thanks to the strongly endothermic nature of the decomposition of molecular hydrogen, would also allow to cool intense and localized heat sources.
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From Paradigm web site:
www.youtube.com/.../
The first paper (at Springer) is also available open-source at the Paradigm web site:
jointheparadigm.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Foundations-of-Physics.pdf
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